Who established the first Spanish settlement in New Mexico?

The establishment of the first Spanish settlement in New Mexico is credited to Juan de Oñate. In 1598, Oñate led an expedition that culminated in the founding of the settlement at San Juan de los Caballeros, near present-day Ohkay Owingeh. This settlement marked the beginning of Spanish colonial presence in the area, setting the stage for further exploration and colonization in New Mexico. Oñate's role as a governor and explorer significantly impacted the cultural, religious, and economic landscape of the region, initiating interactions between the Spanish and Indigenous peoples. Understanding Oñate's actions is pivotal in comprehending the early Spanish influence in New Mexico and its historical context.