What was the primary economy of New Mexico during the early 20th century?

During the early 20th century, the primary economy of New Mexico was heavily focused on agriculture and mining. Agriculture played a significant role as many communities relied on farming to sustain their livelihoods, producing crops such as chile, beans, and corn. This agricultural activity was supported by the rich cultural history of farming practices adapted by Indigenous peoples and later developed by settlers.

Mining also contributed substantially to New Mexico's economy during this period. The state is rich in natural resources, including minerals such as copper, uranium, and gypsum. The discovery and extraction of these resources not only provided jobs but also stimulated local economies and trade.

While other sectors, such as tourism and oil extraction, began to develop at this time, agriculture and mining remained the backbone of New Mexico's economic framework until later in the century when other industries began to gain prominence. Therefore, agriculture and mining represent the primary elements of New Mexico's economy during the early 20th century.