What is the primary climate type found in New Mexico?

New Mexico is predominantly characterized by arid and semi-arid climates due to its geographical location and elevation. The state experiences low annual precipitation, with most areas receiving less than 20 inches of rain per year. This climate type leads to dry conditions and significant temperature variations between seasons and times of day.

The arid landscape contributes to features commonly associated with deserts, including sparse vegetation and various ecosystems adapted to limited moisture. Additionally, the state's high altitude in many regions allows for a mix of climates, but the overall classification leans heavily towards the arid and semi-arid spectrum. Unlike temperate or tropical climates, which experience more consistent rainfall and milder conditions, New Mexico's environment showcases extremes in temperature and limited water resources, solidifying its classification.